Veterinary Connective Tissue Structures (Animal)

     Connective Tissue Structures

Connective tissue structures identifiable in gross anatomy:

Dermis(G. skin) — The physically tough or strong component of skin.

Tendon — Attaches muscle to bone.

Ligament — Attaches bone to bone.

 Fascia(L. band) — Collagenous fibrous tissue that hold  the body together. 
                     

Superficial fascia = Subcutaneous tissue between skin & muscles or bone.

                                                            

Deep fascia = Packing or binding tissue surrounding muscles, bones,    & organs

=> Regional fascia, e.g., thoraco-lumbar   fascia, fascia lata, etc.  

=> Retinaculum (L. rope  or cable) fascia that  binds passing to the tendons surface of the carpus or tarsus.                                        

 => Raphe (G. seam) fascia that  joins right and left counterparts of a particular muscle at the midline.

=> Epimysium (G. on + muscle) fascia covering the surface of a muscle, depending on the muscle, it may be thin or dense also,                  

Perimysium =  c.t. around muscle fascicles.     

Endomysium = c.t. within muscle fascicles.

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Transverse section through a skeletal muscle:

           1      =       epimysium;     

           2      =       perimysium;    

           3      =       endomysium

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Axial section through metacarpus and digit:

1 = interosseus m                      2 = digital extensor tendon

3 = metacarpal bone                  4 = dorsal sesamoid bone

5 = proximal phalanx                6 = proximal sesamoid bone

7 = metacarpal pad                    8 = digital flexor tendons

9 = digital annular ligaments  10 = digital pad

11 = unguis (nail)

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Transverse section through antebrachium (horse):

1 = superficial fascia                            2 = cephalic vein

3 = radius (bone)                                  4 & 5= deep fascia

Med. = medial                                        Cr. = cranial